Brazil had an estimated 1.4 million malaria cases in 2006, over half of the total for the WHO Region of the Americas. More than 350 000 cases were reported annually over the period 2001–2007, with a maximum exceeding 600 000 in 2005. Transmission occurs mainly in the Legal Amazon Region where 10–15% of the population is at risk. Almost all reported malaria cases are confirmed, and 19% were P. falciparum in 2007. IRS is the principal method of mosquito control, but is applied sporadically. The last round of IRS was in 2005. There is no national policy on the use of ITNs. First-line antimalarial drugs are apparently sufficient to treat all reported cases, and ACT was introduced in 2007. Funding for malaria control increased to more than US$ 100 million in 2006, provided exclusively by the government.
http://www.who.int/malaria/wmr2008/MAL2008-CountryProfiles/MAL2008-Brazil-EN.pdf
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